EVOLUTION AND PROSPECTS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION

Abstrak

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as the defining technological force of the 21st century, fundamentally reshaping organizational processes, economic structures, and societal systems through digital transformation. This paper presents a comprehensive, data-driven analysis of AI's evolutionary trajectory — from early rule-based expert systems and statistical machine learning to contemporary generative AI and autonomous agents — and its measurable impact across key industrial sectors.

Future prospects examined include: autonomous AI agents capable of independent planning and execution; quantum-AI convergence; edge intelligence enabled by 5G and sub-5ms latency inference; and the EU AI Act (2024) and ISO/IEC 42001:2023 as foundational governance frameworks for sustainable digital transformation. The paper contributes three original data visualizations, two structured comparative tables, and a sector-by-sector performance benchmark grounded in cited primary sources.